On the night before he died, Jesus Christ shared with his disciples--and with us--the fantastic secret that enables ordinary men to fulfill the rigorous demands of the Christian life.

In SECRETS OF THE SPIRIT, Ray Stedman penetrates passages of Scripture and comes up with a meaningful interpretation to aid modern-day disciples in understanding more clearly Christ's plan for our future, his total understanding of our needs, his preparation and ,provision for us, and how to carryon his Word and work on earth.

The final words of Jesus Christ, as amplified and explained in SECRETS OF THE SPIRIT, present answers not only to the wide-sweeping problems of mankind, but also to the personal needs and concerns felt by everyone of us.

About the Author: Ray C. Stedman emphasizes a strong laymen's training pro. gram in his capacity as pastor of Peninsula Bible Church in Palo Alto, California. A graduate of Dallas Theological Seminary and recipient of a Doctor of Divinity degree from Talbot Theological Seminary, he has traveled throughout the Orient, Europe and Latin America, holding pastors Conferences and witnessing, he is the author of several well-received books, including AUTHENTIC CHRISTIANITY.

Unless otherwise identified, an Scripture quotations are from the Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyrighted 1946, 1952, 1971 and 1973 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of Churches, and are used by permission. Scripture quotations identified KJV are from the King James Version of the Bible.

Ray C. Stedman Library Home Page

Secrets of the Spirit

The Upper Room Discourse

by Ray C. Stedman

Contents

Preface

1 The Towel Wearer

2 Judas and Peter

3 The Cure for Troubled Hearts

4 The Other Comforter

5 Love's Power

6 God's Vineyard

7 Love and Hate

8 The Message of the Spirit

9 The Abiding Principles

10 The Accomplishments of Jesus

11 Kept

12 One Body

Preface

The passage known as the Upper Room Discourse in the Gospel of John, chapters 13 through 17, takes us into the intimate thoughts of Jesus just before his Crucifixion. Some have called this the "holy of holies" of Scripture. That is, if you think of Scripture as a temple, this is the sanctuary, where you come into the very presence of God himself. By means of his words to his disciples, we are permitted here to enter into the thinking and emotions of Jesus just before his own crucifixion. Within hours of this event, the Lord was hanging upon a cross. In less than twenty-four hours he was dead and buried. These therefore constitute the last words of Jesus before his own death.

Because all power in heaven and earth had been placed in the hands of Jesus, he was, in a sense, directing his own death. He was in charge of the events. Rather than being a helpless victim of circumstances over which he had no control, he was himself determining them as they went along. Remember how, in the Garden, when the soldiers came to get him, Jesus spoke to them with such authority that they all fell backward upon the ground! Who was in charge there? Then he gave orders to the soldiers to dismiss the rest of the apostles and let them go, and the soldiers obeyed. He was in command throughout all this amazing series of events.

In this deep and penetrating passage, our Lord is laying his heart bare before his disciples, He is seeking to impart to them the secret of his life--the secret which is the explanation of those amazing words that he spoke and those amazing works which he did. That secret lies in his relationship to his Father. And that relationship is what Jesus stresses as he talks with these disciples.
In this passage some tremendous concepts are brought out for their understanding, and for ours as well. He tells them that a replacement for himself is coming to them--the Holy Spirit. Another Comforter, another Strengthener is on the way. And when he comes he will no longer be merely with them but within them. Their strength will no longer come from without, as when Jesus was their Comforter, but will come from within.

Thus he marks the prominent characteristic of the Day of the Spirit, in which we live. He tells them that the primary work of the Spirit will be to take the life of Jesus and release it to these believers. This is the great and marvelous truth which the Scriptures seek to set before us. When the Spirit came to release Jesus' life within his disciples, they were then able to live by him, as he lived by means of the Father. This is the fantastic secret which makes possible the fulfillment of the high demands of Christian living. A Christian lives by the same principle as Jesus did. As he lived by means of the Father, in dependence and trust in him, moment by moment, so we are to live by means of the Son, in dependence and trust in him.

As we look carefully, then, at this passage--a few verses at a time--we will begin to see more clearly into the heart of our Lord, into his total understanding of our needs: to see his preparations and provision for us, and to understand more clearly how we are to bear the fruit which remains.

1 The Towel Wearer
John 13:1-20

The passage in John's Gospel often referred to as the Upper Room Discourse actually begins with a parable in action. Rather than a discourse or a message, it begins with the deeds of Jesus, the act of Jesus washing the disciples' feet. In that remarkable event, simple as it was--and yet strange in many ways--the Apostle John sees very deep and remarkable meaning. There are two movements in this event, which John gathers up in the preface to this account. First he sees the evidence and the demonstration of the unchanging love of Jesus for his disciples, Second, he sees a revelation of reality, especially as it related to Judas. Of the first, he says:

Now before the feast of the Passover, when Jesus knew that his hour had come to depart out of this world to the Father, having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end. (John 13:1)

Don't be confused, as some have been, by the opening words: before the feast of the Passover. Some have struggled with the chronology of this event, feeling that these words date the feast of the Lord's Supper as having taken place before the feast of the Passover, which would be contrary to what the other Gospels record.

But John is not linking this phrase with the subsequent event of the Lord's Supper and the washing of the disciples' feet. He is referring back to the time when Jesus discovered that his hour had come. That information is recorded in chapter 12--when the Greeks came and asked to see Jesus. When Philip and Andrew told Jesus that certain Gentiles were asking for him, this was for him the signal for the beginning of the dramatic denouement of his ministry, the sign that it was now drawing rapidly to an end. He answered them:

The hour has come for the Son of man to be glorified (John 12:23).

All John is saying here is that from that moment on, Jesus understands that the time has come, the hour has struck, that he is now to make his exodus from the world by means of death and resurrection. He has always known what the events would be, but he has not known the time they would come. Now he knows.

From that moment on, he nevertheless remains considerate and compassionate toward his own disciples. That strikes John dramatically. He is amazed by the fact that Jesus is not thinking of himself, though he knows that this is the hour toward which I his whole life has been pointing. Rather, his thoughts are still upon his disciples. He teaches them and I manifests love, compassion, and concern for them to the very end. That is the first thing which John sees in this remarkable scene of the washing of the disciples' feet. Jesus is still loving his disciples. Now the Passover has come, and Jesus is meeting with his disciples to eat the Passover meal together:

And during upper, when the devil had already put it into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him, Jesus, knowing that the Father had given all thing. into his hand, and that he had come from God and was going to God, rose from supper, laid aside his garment, and girded himself with a towel. (John 13:2-4)

The second movement concerns Judas. John sees in the act of foot washing a demonstration of the truth which is in Jesus, of the remarkable passion which strips away all pretense and hypocrisy and reveals things exactly the way they are.

In this dramatic act of washing his disciples' feet--Judas included--John sees a manifestation of the love of Jesus that seeks yet to reach the traitor, and the truth of God, the honesty of God which exposes hypocrisy. By means of such action Jesus seeks to lay hold of Judas's heart and show him what is happening to him. Jesus is moved to do this, John says, by the awareness of his authority. All things were given into his hands by the Father; he knows that. He knows who he is, knows he has come from God, knows he is going to God. Moved, then by this sense of his own identity and authority, he begins to expose (by direct words to him) what Judas is doing and where he is headed at the same time that he teaches the other apostles how to care for one another. John sees all this as intertwined together in this remarkable scene: the commitment of love which teaches to the end, and the passion of truth which fights to the end for the deliverance of Judas.

The Parable Worked Out

Following this preface is the account of the foot washing itself. Jesus rose from supper, laid aside his garments, and girded himself with a towel.

Then he poured water into a basin, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel with which he was girded. (John 13:5)

There can be little doubt that here Jesus was deliberately working out a parable for the instruction of his disciples. He was dramatizing for them the character of his ministry. He was showing them by this means what he had come into the world, to do, and what he would send them out to do.

We can trace the parable in the events which John records. First, Jesus rose from supper, just as he had once risen from his throne of glory. Then he laid aside his garments. Paul tells us that when he came into the world in the incarnate state he laid aside the exercise of his deity. He did not come to act as God; he came to live as man, indwelt by God. Then he girded himself with a towel, just as Paul later records that: taking the form of a servant...he humbled himself and became obedient unto death (Philippians 2:7,8). So here he humbles himself, taking the role of a slave and girding himself with a towel.

Then he poured water into a basin, as in a few hours he was to pour out his blood in death, the blood which would be for the cleansing of human defilement, of human guilt of every kind and source. Next he began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel with which he was girded, picturing the act of applying the cleansing of his blood to human hearts. If we skip to verse 12 we see the end of the parable. When he had washed their feet, and taken his garments, he resumed his place, just as the writer of Hebrews records for us: When he had made purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high (Hebrews 1:3). Thus we have this remarkable, beautiful parable worked out for us, teaching us the meaning of his whole ministry.

Not me, Lord!

In the act of foot washing, Peter was brought into the picture. Moving around the circle of disciples, the Lord Came at last to Peter, who promptly refused to let him wash his feet:

Peter said to him, "Lord, do you wash my feet?" Jesus answered him, "What I am doing you do not know now, but afterward you will understand." Peter said to him, "You shall never wash my feet." Jesus answered him, "If I do not wash you, you have no part [with] me." (John 13:6-8)

(I know that the Revised Standard Version Uses the phrase in me, but the Greek text clearly and unmistakably says with. This is a very important distinction, as we shall see in a moment.)

Peter's refusal to be washed by Jesus pictures both the need of Christians for the cleansing which Jesus offers, and the sinful pride which often rejects that cleansing. Peter's action, were prompted ostensibly by humility. At first glance, it appears as though Peter's expostulation arose out of his sense of inadequacy and unworthiness before Jesus. You can see the incredulity on his face when Jesus approached him, and he protested, "Lord, you'll never do this to me!" This sounds like a humble statement, reflecting Peter's feeling that Jesus ought never to take such a low position as to wash his feet. But when you look a bit closer, you can see that it is really an expression of intense personal pride. Peter is offended by Jesus' actions, because he knows that if he were in the same place, if he were an instructor, a teacher, a Lord, he would never consider stooping to wash someone's feet. It would be beneath him. Jesus has violated Peter's image of a leader and he feels uncomfortable and unhappy. He doesn't want Jesus to wash his feet. He would be quite content to wash Jesus' feet, but it is an affront to his conception of authority that Jesus should ever do anything for him--just as, later on, Peter offers to lay down his life for Jesus; he doesn't want Jesus to lay down his life for him.

What a revelation this is of the pride of our hearts which cloaks itself in a guise of humility when we are really insisting upon our self-sufficiency. We do not want to admit to anyone that we are in need of anything. Peter does not want to let Jesus do this menial act for him. It humiliates him. So he stands as a clear example of the pride in our hearts which resists the ministry of Jesus to us.

We Need to Be Humiliated

One of the remarkable things about the Gospel is that it always brings us to the lowest point. We must stand before God in utter humiliation and abjectness in order for him to minister to us. All human pride must be brought low before we can receive what God wants to give us from his hand. But that is where we struggle. We don't like that. We don't like to be brought to a place where we have nothing to offer. We always want to add something of our own. Peter is a clear picture of this. When Jesus explains to him: if I do not wash you, you can have no part [with] me, Peter immediately capitulates, and flops to the other extreme. He cannot bear the thought that he will have no part with Jesus.

Simon Peter said to him, "Lord, not my feet only but also my hands and my head!" (John 13:9)

In other words, he asks for a bath. Jesus had said earlier: What I do now you don't understand, and Peter proves indeed that he doesn't understand what is happening. So Jesus corrects him again:

Jesus said to him, "He who has bathed does not need to wash, except for his feet, but he is clean all over" (John 13:10)

In those words Jesus gives us a beautiful explanation of the process of salvation. It begins with a bath. That initial coming to Christ (in which we take the place of bankruptcy before him, coming without a vestige of our righteousness to offer, but allowing him to cleanse us) is likened to a bath in which we are washed all over completely, from head to foot.

Jesus is alluding to a very common social practice in those days. It was the custom to take a bath before you went out to a meal. But in walking through the dirty streets of the city with sandals on, your feet would be defiled. And so when you arrived as a guest, a servant would wash your feet. But you would not need to repeat the bath. Jesus is thus saying, "When you first come to me and believe, you are bathed, you are cleansed all over." This is what the Bible calls justification by faith. It is a washing away of all guilt, all defilement, and all the sin of an entire life--past, present, and future. But as you walk on through life, Jesus knows there will be defilement incurred in the walk which also needs to be washed away. The bath gives us part in him, the foot washing gives us part with him.

Our Part With Him

In this way he teaches us that not only do we need that initial never-to-be-repeated cleansing which washes us as a bath; but we need also the many-times-repeated experience of forgiveness, of coming to Christ for the cleansing away of the defilement of our walk. It is this which determines that we have part with him.

The enjoyment of our relationship with Christ is lost when we are temporarily defiled by wrongdoing and by attitudes which are wrong in our life. We lose the enjoyment of our relationship with him. That is part with him. His attitude toward us doesn't change, but our attitude toward him does. That is why we are taught in the Scriptures: If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just, and will forgive our sins and cleanse us from all unrighteousness (1 John 1:9). And the. moment we do so we are renewed; that is, the original cleansing is renewed to us, and we feel once again the renewing of our spirits, the lifting up of the vitality of our spiritual lives, and we go on again, restored. Peter's error is still being repeated today. There are those who, like him, refuse to allow Jesus to wash their feet. They are rejecting the indispensable requisite for enjoying their relationship with Christ. When people refuse to let Jesus wash their feet, they lose that sense of partnership with him.

The Holy Spirit Did Not Stutter

On the other hand, there are those who, like Peter, feel that they need a bath all over again when they sin, that they have lost their salvation and that somehow they have to start all over in their Christian experience. Every now and then I run into people who are laboring under that delusion, who think that they need to be born, not only again, but again and again and again, as though the Holy Spirit had stuttered when he said, "regeneration," and had said, "re-re-re-re-regeneration"! But Jesus teaches us by this whole process that only one bath is needed. This is reflected in the truth of baptism. We are baptized once, as the initial act. But the Lord's Supper reflects the washing of the feet, and the need for the cleansing again and again through life from the defilement and the guilt of sin.

In the closing portion of this section our Lord explains what he has done:

When he had washed their feet, and taken his garments, and resumed his place, he said to them, "Do you know what I have done to you? You call me Teacher and Lord; and you are right, for so I am. If I then, your Lord and Teacher, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another's feet. For I have given you an example, that you. also should do as I have done to you. Truly, truly, I say to you, a servant is not greater than his master; nor is he who is sent greater than he who sent him. If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them." (John 13:12-17)

In this explanation Jesus begins again with his own authority. "You call me Teacher and Lord; and you are right. I am your Teacher, I am your Lord--your Teacher, with the right to instruct you; your Lord, with the right to command you." He acknowledges his identity before them and asserts that he has this right in their lives. But his argument is, "If I, then, with this acknowledged position of authority in your lives, have washed your feet, then you also are to wash one another's feet."

A New Sacrament?

Now, what does he mean when he says that we ought to wash one another's feet? Some Christians have taken this very literally and have thought that our Lord was instituting another sacrament here, along with baptism and the Lord's Supper. You will occasionally find groups of Christians who, very sincerely, have what they call foot-washing services, where they wash one another's feet. I once attended one of these services, and I noted that those who came were very careful to wash their own feet beforehand. They would never have thought of coming with dirty feet to a foot-washing service! But Jesus washed the dirty feet of his disciples, without any opportunity for preparation on their part. He took the role of a servant to that degree.

No, Jesus is not giving us another sacrament to follow here, not another mere ceremony which would be meaningless because it wouldn't reflect what was originally in view. What he means is that just as we need cleansing and forgiveness from our Lord in order to maintain the sense of unity and refreshment of spirit in our Christian life, so we need to extend to one another free forgiveness for guilt and for the injury that we may do to one another. We are to be, in the words of Paul, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God in Christ forgave you (Ephesians 4:32). Isn't this what Jesus teaches us in the Lord's Prayer? Forgive us our trespasses, even as we forgive those who have trespassed against us (see Matthew 6:12). He is exhorting Christians to forgive each other, and their authority to do so is based upon his own example.

He knows that it is difficult sometimes to forgive that the flesh within cries out for revenge. We want people to pay for what they have done to us, We want to extract some kind of return for the injury. We love the feeling of carrying a grudge, or of resisting the overtures of the other person. We like the feeling of telling them off, giving them a piece of our mind, ripping into them.

But Jesus says that when we do that, we are doing what he would never do. We are asserting our prerogatives, we are demanding our rights, we are insisting upon the privilege and status that we feel we should have. We are forgetting that though our Lord and Master was rightfully our Teacher and our Lord, rightfully the Lord of Glory, the One with every claim on the worship of men, nevertheless he laid it all aside--did not demand, it, did not seek it, did not insist upon it--and washed the feet of his disciples. So he says that we must do the same for one another.

No Christian has a right to sit in self-righteous judgment upon others. We may bring them, and we are exhorted to do so, under the searching light of the Word of God. We may, out of concern and compassion for their welfare, expose to them what they are doing, as Jesus does here with his disciples. But in no sense are we to do so in self-righteousness, with the suggestion that we could never do such a thing, Nor are we to demand that they first apologize before we forgive, or that in some way they repay us, or straighten out what they have done, before we extend to them. free and open acceptance and forgiveness.

So when we resist this kind of ministry (we don't want to forgive or we don't want somebody to come and wash our feet with the Word) we are doing what Peter did, refusing to follow the admonition of our Lord. We make ourselves greater than our Master, ignoring his word here:

Truly, truly, I say to you, a servant is not greater than his master; nor is he who is sent greater than he who Bent him. If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them. (John 13:16,17)

Dr. H. A. Ironside has pointed out how wise it is, when washing another's feet, to exercise concern as to the temperature of the water! Some go with boiling hot water. They are angry and so upset by what has happened that they come and say, "Here, stick your feet in here!" Nobody wants to have his feet washed with boiling water. Some go to the other extreme and come with ice water. They are so righteously holier-than-thou, so remote from the whole dirty proposition, so above it all! No one wants to respond to that either. And some, unfortunately, try to do it without any water at all! They come and dry-clean your feet; they scrape them free of dirt. Have you ever had anyone do that to you? They come and give you a piece of their mind and just tear into you, What they say may be true, but there is no water of love to wash the dirt gently away, there is only a rigid insistence upon scraping it away and the skin along with it. But our Lord insists that we wash one another's feet in love. That is the way that he loved his disciples, and he loved them to the end.

Harmony in the Family

Notice the promised results: If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them. That is the secret of maintaining harmony among Christians, in a Christian family, and in the larger family of the church. We must actually act in this loving and responsible way toward one another. A young man once came to me from another church. He had been greatly distressed to find that one of the outstanding young laymen of his church, who had been appointed as a sponsor of the youth group of that church, was guilt of immorality with a young girl. This was threatening his marriage, and rumors of it had spread among the young people, so that the whole church was beginning to stir.

It looked like a terrible disaster, a tragic occurrence that would split the church apart when it a11 came to light. This troubled young man asked me "What should. I do?" I said, "Well, you've been given guidelines in the Scriptures as to what to do: If your brother sins against you, go and tell him his fault, between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained your brother. (See Matthew 18:15.) That is washing his feet."

So he went back, and in a few weeks I got a letter from him. He said, "I took your advice, I went to him and simply told him what I knew. And I told him in love. I didn't try to destroy him or condemn him. I understood the pressures, the passions which moved him to this wrongdoing, and I loved him. But I told him what was happening in the congregation, and that what he had done was wrong. He acknowledged it, and together we went to the leaders of the church and laid the whole matter before them. The result has been that this man has voluntarily left his ministry for a while until all this is straightened out in his life. But he himself has been healed, and his marriage has been saved and restored. The church has been strengthened by all this, rather than split." That is what Jesus means when he says: If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them.

Jesus and Judas

The last part of the paragraph presents the contrast provided by Judas. Jesus says:

I am not speaking to you all; I know whom I have chosen; it is that the scripture may be fulfilled, "He who ate my bread has lifted his heel against me." I tell you this now, before it takes place, that when it does take place you may believe that I am he. Truly, truly, I say to you, he who receives anyone whom I send receives me; and he who receives me receives him who sent me. (John 13:18-20)

The contrast here is between the knowledge of Jesus and the ignorant unbelief of Judas, Jesus knows what is happening. He walks in the light of the Scriptures and thus knows that one among those close to him will betray him, and he knows from the beginning which one it will be, But Judas doesn't know that. Judas is ignorantly following the avarice and greed of his heart, and resisting every effort Jesus makes to reach him. Now he is on the verge of that final act of rejection which will plunge him over the precipice into utter and complete disaster. Soon Judas will take the morsel from Jesus' hand--and that is his final chance. When he does that, Satan enters into him, and Judas is no longer his own master in any degree at all. Jesus here indicates that he understands what will happen. He says, "I'm telling you this before it happens, so that when it does, you will know I am the One this Scripture describes, that I am the One the psalm is speaking about." (See Psalms 41:9) Judas is utterly deaf to the warnings. He doesn't know what is happening to him, that he has fallen into Satan's snare and now is at the very brink of disaster.

As you read this account, you can see how these two stand opposed one to another. Jesus sacrifices himself in order to save his disciples; Judas sacrifices Jesus in order to save himself. These two philosophies dominate the world today.

In this final appeal, Jesus is directing a word to these representative attitudes: Truly, truly, I say to you, he who receives anyone whom I send, receives me. That is a word to the eleven disciples (and to us) that when someone comes to us to wash our feet, to help us with some problem of sin or error in our lives, we are to remember that this person is sent by Jesus. Therefore it is Jesus himself who is standing before us. It is he who is offering to wash our feet. We are not to resent this ministry on the part of others. We are not to say, "you have no right to come to me. This is my own private affair; you have nothing to do with it." But we are to remember that he who receives anyone whom I send [Jesus says] receives me. Let us not, like Peter, fall into the error of rejecting the indispensable ministry of the cleansing which Jesus offers.

The last word is addressed to Judas: And he who receives me receives him who sent me. That is, he receives God the Father himself. There is no other way to the Father but by Jesus. This is the truth Jesus declares again and again, and it is the great truth which Judas seeks to circumvent. He tries to relate to God without accepting Jesus. He tries to live his life before God without relating to the ministry and salvation offered by Jesus.

There are many like that today, who, like Judas, are stumbling blindly on, not realizing that they are facing the most important crisis of their lives, and that only Jesus can bring them to God. Jesus says so himself: I am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one comes to the Father, but by me (John 14:6). This word about receiving him is Jesus' last-ditch stand to reach Judas before it is too late. Though he fails, as subsequent events will show, the great truth he leaves before us is this: there is no other way to the Father, but by him.

None other Lamb, none other Name.
None other Hope in heaven or earth or sea,
None other Hiding-place from guilt and shame,
None beside Thee. --CHRISTINA ROSSETTI

Prayer: Our Father, there may be some among us who have mingled with the people of God, have sought to live as they do but have never yet come into a saving relationship with the Lord Jesus. Thus they have refused the bath of forgiveness, of justification: have refused to acknowledge their need of cleansing, and have tried to cleanse themselves, to make their own lives right before you, Lord Jesus, we pray that you will deal with them just as you dealt with Judas, and will help them to see what they are doing. For those of us, Lord, who have come through the bath but who still need the ministry of others to us, help us to understand that it is you, Lord, who stands before us in our brother or sister who comes to admonish us, to exhort us, to seek to correct us and to lead us back into paths of righteousness and peace. May we not reject this ministry, Lord, for in so doing we reject you, as Peter did, and therefore have no sense of enjoyment in our lives. Heal our lives by this means we pray, Lord Jesus, in your name and for your sake. Amen.

2. Judas and Peter
John 13:21-38

In the first half of chapter 13, Jesus made clear to his disciples, as he stooped to wash their feet, that their relationship to one another was to be based on loving forgiveness. Although Jesus had the authority to lord it over them, he laid royalty aside to take the place of their servant, and he said: I have given you an example, that you also should do as I have done to you (John 18:15).

Now, in the closing part of this chapter, we can see, in three distinct movements, the depth of understanding Jesus had of the people and events and motivations surrounding his death. First we see that Jesus knew and understood the hostility of Judas, which would lead to the death of both men--one by suicide and one by crucifixion. Then, he knew the weakness of Peter. He understood what Peter had within him, and that this would lead to his threefold denial and his cursing.

In between these two insights we have a great but brief section in which it is evident that our Lord knew the principle of glory (the means by which true glory is achieved)--the principle which Judas rejected; and he understood the power of love, a principle of which Peter was ignorant. This power of love would be the radical secret that he would let loose upon the world. Let us take first the incident of Judas and Jesus together:

When Jesus had thus spoken, he was troubled in spirit, and testified; "Truly, truly, I say to you, one of you will betray me." The disciples looked at one another, uncertain of whom he spoke. One of his disciples, whom Jesus loved, was lying close to the breast of Jesus; so Simon Peter beckoned to him and said, "Tell us whom it is of whom he speaks." So lying thus, close to the breast of Jesus, he said to him, "Lord, who is it?" Jesus answered, "It is he to whom I shall give this morsel"he gave it to Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot. (John 13:21-2

John sets this account against the background of the distress of Jesus. He records that when Jesus had finished the foot washing, and had sought to warn Judas, he was troubled in spirit. The Greek word means that he was deeply agitated, grieved, hurt. Going to the cross was not an easy thing for Jesus to do. If we think of him as being unmoved through this whole circumstance, of speaking always with poise and an untroubled spirit, we are wrong, for Jesus was deeply disturbed at this point. It grieved him to face the perfidy and treachery of Judas. He had just quoted (from the Forty-First Psalm) the verse in which David had said: He who ate my bread has lifted his heel against me. In the mind of Jesus this was what Judas was about to do. The phrase, "he has lifted his heel against me" is a word-picture of a companion who, without warning, for no reason, suddenly turns around, lifts his heel, and kicks one in the face. You can imagine what a stunning shock that would be. Thus Jesus was greatly troubled as he anticipated this action of Judas. He felt it with full force as an act of callous betrayal by one whom he had loved and trusted.

A Fading Dream for Judas

Jesus knew that the story of Judas was one of increasing greed. If you put together the many little references to Judas in the Scriptures you can see what was happening to this man. When he first joined the. Twelve he evidently was a sincere, dedicated follower. He had a good business head and a reputation for honesty. Therefore he was chosen to be the treasurer of the Twelve and was given charge of the money box. This indicated that the other disciples had confidence in him. You never elect a treasurer who doesn't show some indication of being able to handle money properly. (I have always been surprised and disturbed that I have never been elected treasurer of anything!) But Judas was elected treasurer of the apostolic band.

When he first joined the group, Judas evidently had seen in Jesus the chance to fulfill his dream. Judas believed that Jesus was the coming Messiah who would deliver Israel from its bondage and make it the head of the nations of the earth. He believed that world government would flow from Jerusalem. There were many great passages of the Old Testament which spoke of this. Judas, like other Jews, had read these wonderful passages of glory but had ignored those which dealt with the suffering Messiah. So he joined the band with the anticipation that he would be in this inner circle.

But then Jesus began to speak about the cross, and when Judas saw him offending the leaders of the Jews, and saw the growing opposition of the Pharisees toward Jesus, Judas knew that his dream was fading. He became inwardly resentful and bitter against Jesus. Finally he took matters into his own hands. John told us in the previous chapter that Judas had begun to steal money out of the money box. In the story of Mary, who wiped Jesus' feet with the ointment, we read:

But Judas Iscariot, one of his disciples (he who was to betray him), said, "Why was this ointment not sold for three hundred denarii and given to the poor?" This he said, not that he cared for the poor but because he was a thief, and as he had the money box he used to take what was put into it. (John 12:4-6)

So for some time Judas had been stealing out of the treasury. What for? Well, as we put the story together it is evident that he had contracted to buy a piece of property, evidently a parcel near Jerusalem in a fine location, which he thought would be a good spot to build on when the kingdom came. He had purchased it for himself. He was, in other words, feathering his own nest, utilizing the opportunity as treasurer of the band to take the money for this purpose.

As the Jews' hatred of Jesus grew, and Judas saw that an inevitable climax must ensue, he grew impatient. Lacking thirty pieces of silver to complete his purchase, he went to the high priest and made a deal with him to betray Jesus for the money needed to purchase the property. Later, when the money was brought back by Judas and flung at their feet, the priests took it and went out and finished the payment, bought the property, and called it the Field of Blood, because it was there that Judas hanged himself. (See Matthew 27:3-10 and Acts 1:18,19)

The Place of Honor for Judas

Jesus knew that it was covetousness, avarice, greed, and hunger for worldly success that were motivating Judas. And yet Jesus was grieved and hurt, because he knew that the callous selfishness of Judas had come about only by his repeated rejection of Jesus' love. You can't read the story of these two men without seeing how persistent Jesus was in trying to reach Judas. Even there at the Last Supper it was apparent.

One sign of it was in the table arrangements which John records. Most people are familiar with Leonardo da Vinci's painting The Last Supper, and they think that is the way it actually occurred--all of them sitting on one side of a long table. It is almost certain that this is not the way it was, because the custom of the Jews was not to sit at a table, but to eat while half-reclining on couches around the table, in the way the Romans did. The table was very likely U-shaped. At the center of the closed end sat Jesus as the host, half reclining on his left side on his couch, so that his right hand would be free to eat with. On the adjoining couch, to the right was the Apostle John. He always refers to himself as that disciple whom Jesus loved. As he tells us here, he was sitting close to the breast of Jesus. His head would have been right at Jesus' chest level because of the arrangement of the couches. And on the other side, the left side of Jesus, which, incidentally, was the place of honor, was Judas. Jesus' head would have been at Judas' breast, as John's head was at the breast of Jesus. This arrangement made it possible for these three to carry on an intimate conversation, unheard by the others. Only that table arrangement explains what happened here at the Last Supper.

The gesture of giving the place of honor to Judas was Jesus' attempt to try to reach this man's heart. Another mark of honor which Jesus bestowed was the giving of this little morsel. It was a custom of the Jews to break off a piece of bread or a bit of meat, dip it in juice, and hand it to a favored guest--much as we propose a toast in someone's honor at a banquet today. Jesus took the bread and dipped it in the gravy and gave it to Judas in the presence of all the disciples. Only John heard Jesus say that this would mark the betrayer. So, when Jesus gave this morsel to Judas he was honoring him in the presence of the other disciples. Yet never once in all the times, that Judas was with Jesus is there any record that he ever relented and allowed Jesus to love him. He never opened up, never admitted what he was thinking. He never responded to Jesus' love in the least degree, but instead, kept up a false front, a phony facade. Now at last, despite the efforts of Jesus to reach him, he "lifted up his heel" against him and kicked him right in the face. So we come to the last step of this tragic sequence, showing the increasing grip of evil on Judas:

Then after the morsel, Satan entered into him. Jesus said to him, "What you are going to do, do quickly." Now no one at the table knew why he said this to him. Some thought that, because Judas had the money box, Jesus was telling him, "Buy what we need for the feast"; or, that he should give something to the poor. So, after receiving the morsel, he immediately went out; and it was night. (John 13:27-30)

You remember that the chapter began with the record of satanic influence upon Judas. In verse 2, John says: And during supper, when the devil had already put it into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him. There we see that Judas's greed had given the devil an opportunity. When we resist God's love and follow a determined march toward evil, it gives the devil opportunity. He had the opportunity to implant thoughts which would immediately take deep root in Judas's heart. He had already put it into Judas's heart to betray Jesus; the deal had been arranged.

Beyond Hope

But Judas still has a chance to retreat. Jesus would never have tried to reach him had he not still had an opportunity to recover at this point. But when Jesus gives him the morsel, and Judas takes it and, eats it without a word or a sign of repentance or remorse he passes the point of no return. This is one of the most tragic scenes in all of history--to see a man, while he is still alive, deliberately reject truth to the extent that he goes beyond any hope of recovery. At this point Satan enters into him, and now Judas is no longer in control of his will, but is possessed by Satan; he can no longer make any decision to resist evil. He is in the grip of death.

This is what we might call Judas's Gethsemane. Right after this event Jesus leaves the Upper Room and goes with his disciples into the Garden, where he withdraws a bit, and prays alone. This is his last chance to turn back before the cross. You remember that he prays: My Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me; but he adds, as always: Nevertheless, not as I will, but as thou wilt (Matthew 26 :39). And though he sweats great drops of blood in the agony of that moment, we read that at the end of it an angel comes and strengthens him (see Luke 22:42-44). His resolve is unbroken. Similarly, the Upper Room is the moment when Judas is at the point of no return. It is his last chance to turn back, but he doesn't take it. When he makes his decision, Satan comes and strengthens him, so that he cannot turn back.

So Jesus commands him, now that there is no further hope of recovery: What you are going to do, do quickly! And the final word of John on this point is: He immediately went out; and it was night. John very likely is thinking in the same terms as the words he later would write in his First Epistle: If we walk in the light, as he is in the light... [if we walk out where our lives are open, where we don't try to hide anything, where our sins and our failures and our weaknesses are all there before God, and we don't try to justify or hide them, but we expose them] . . . the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin (1 John 1:7). But if we turn from the light, turn our backs on Jesus and walk away, determined to do our own will, we walk into darkness, into night. It is Jude, one of the brothers of Jesus, who later records that there are those who are like wandering stars for whom the nether gloom of darkness has been reserved forever (Jude 13).

The Principle of Glory

So Judas leaves; and Jesus now turns to his disciples. Now he shares with them great truths that he was unable to share while the traitor was present:

When he had gone out, Jesus said, "Now is the Son of man glorified, and in him God is glorified; if God is glorified in him, God will also glorify him in himself, and glorify him at once. Little children, yet a little while I am with you. You will seek me; and as I said to the Jews so now I say to you, Where I am going you cannot come. A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another; even as I have loved you, that you also love one another. By this all men will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another." (John 13:31-35)

Here in this brief passage is the key to the rest of this discourse. Chapters 14 through 17 all flow out of these words. Jesus states an old principle, and gives a new commandment. The old principle is in these words: Now is the Son of man glorified, and in him God is glorified; if God is glorified in him, God will also glorify him in himself, and glorify him at once. Notice the stress on glory, The secret of glory, the principle by which we achieve glory, is in the recognition of who we really are. Glory is something we all long for and strive for. We want to be recognized; we want people to know us. We long to be seen, to become the center of attention. We all want people to think highly of us. That is what Jesus is talking about. The secret of attaining this, he says, is to give yourself up, to lose yourself. He is looking ahead to the cross. The cross became a practical certainty the minute Judas left the room, and Jesus says: Now [in view of this cross] is the Son of man glorified.

Grace and Truth Revealed

Notice the three manifestations of glory in this sentence. First, Jesus is glorified in the cross. The cross is now so certain that in the rest of this passage he speaks of it as though it is already accomplished. And in the cross, the inner character of Jesus becomes visible. Remember that in the opening of this Gospel, John says: And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, full of grace and truth; we have beheld his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father (John 1:14). All that fullness of grace and truth which was his glory becomes visible in the cross.

As you look at the cross, and at all the circumstances of the events surrounding it, you see the reality of Jesus' humanity. There is the agony in the Garden of Gethsemane--that strange, mysterious agony of spirit when Jesus is so troubled, so distressed, that he sweats great drops of blood and cries out in terrible, anguished cries to his Father. And there are his cries from the cross--of thirst, of pain, of being forsaken all of these tell us that he is one with us. The noted London preacher, W. E. Sangster, has written these very appropriate words:

It is well that we should think, sometimes, of the Upper Room, and of the Last Supper, and of his soul "exceeding sorrowful unto death"; of Gethsemane, the deep shadow of the olive trees, his loneliness, prayer, and disappointment with his disciples, his bloody sweat; the traitor's kiss, the binding, the blow in the face, the spitting, the buffeting, the mocking, the scourging, the crown of thorns, the smiting; the sorrowful way, and the burdensome cross, the exhaustion and collapse; the stripping, the impaling, the jeers of his foes, the flight of his friends; the hours on the cross, the darkness, his being forsaken of God; his thirst, and the end.

In the story of that cross you can see the humanity of his person, yet you can also see the serenity of his faith. How fearless he was before Pilate! He said to him: You would have no power over me unless it had been given you from above... (John 19:11). How fearless he was before Herod--he stood silent, and would not answer him--and before Caiaphas, the high priest! How masterfully he directed these events! Also on the cross we see the compassion of his love. He forgave the revolutionary beside him, and prayed for his enemies. Previously, in the high priest's hall, he had looked at Peter with compassion when Peter had denied him (see Luke 22:54-72). See the love and concern of his heart as he makes provision for his mother--the last thing he does before he died--committing her into the hands of John (see John 19:26, 27).

Finally there is that strange, unfathomable mystery of his work--how he could be at once the sacrifice being offered, and the priest offering the blood before the Father. How could he be the victim of man's sin, of man's hatred and cruelty and guilt and, at the same time, the victor over all the forces of darkness and hell and death, over the principalities and powers whom he took and nailed to the cross? We never can fully understand it, but that is the glory of Jesus--his humanity, his serenity, his compassion--all revealed in the cross of Christ. The cross revealed his glory. Then God was glorified in him. The cross not only reveals Jesus, but it reveals the Father--the truth about the Father. The strange idea has arisen among Christians that Jesus was an innocent sufferer, placating the wrath of a terribly angry God who was ready to smite humanity. But that is not the biblical view. The Bible says: God was in Christ reconciling the world to himself... (2 Corinthians 5:19). We see in the cross the holiness and the justice of God. Isaiah says: Yet it was the will of the Lord to bruise him,' he has put him to grief; when he makes himself an offering for sin... (Isaiah 58 :10). There we see the power and the Sovereignty of God. Peter, on the day of Pentecost, could say: Jesus [was] delivered up [to be crucified] according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God... (Acts 2:28). God was in charge of the events. The cross reveals the mercy and love and grace of the Father. As Paul writes to the Romans: He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all, will he not also give us all things with him? (Romans 8:32).

Losers Will Be Keepers

So, as Jesus says, he is glorified, the Father is glorified, and God will glorify him again, and will do it immediately. Here he is thinking of his resurrection and exaltation. Our Lord is declaring a great principle here. How do you achieve glory? How do you achieve the fulfillment you are wanting? The answer is: By dying. He who finds his life will lose it, and he who loses his life for my sake [Jesus said] will find it (Matthew 10:30). For after death is resurrection-the exaltation of God. Peter puts it precisely in his First Epistle: Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that in due time he may exalt you (1 Peter 5:6).

That is difficult for the natural man. We struggle with this. We fight for the top place. We are filled with suspicion and guile toward one another. We all want to read each other's mail, to find out what is going on in other people's lives--especially if they are in any sense our rivals. How can we die then? How can we lose our lives? What is the power that can make us be willing to throw it all away, to give it all up?

That power that makes sacrifice possible is in the new commandment. Jesus immediately adds: A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another; even as I have loved you. Dying cannot be done on any other terms. Ambition is not enough. Love only suffices. The key is in the, phrase, as I have loved you. That phrase is both the measure and the origin of Our love. Our love for one another, Jesus says, is to be like his love for us. That is, we must love as he does, without condition, ready to forgive, honest and candid, open and acceptant toward each other. That is the measure of it.

But then our love must originate from his love for us. The Father loved the Son, and as he lived by that love, so we are to live by the love of Jesus available to us. We are to draw upon his loving acceptance of us in order to reach out in loving acceptance to others, whether they are lovely or not, Jesus himself says that this is the mark of true discipleship. "Do you want people to believe your message? They will when they see the mark. And this is the mark by which the world will know that you really are my disciples--because you reach out in love like this to each other. If you can't reach out like that in love, if you can't put another's need ahead of your own, and give up your own interests to minister to that need, then you are not my true disciples; you have no part with me."

Betrayal Versus Denial

The closing scene between Peter and Jesus reveals the essential difference between Judas and Peter.

Simon Peter said to him, "Lord, where are you going?" Jesus answered, "Where I am going you cannot follow me now; but you shall follow afterward." Peter said to him, "Lord, why cannot I follow you now? I will lay down my life for you." Jesus answered, "Will you lay down your life for me? Truly, truly, I say to you, the cock will not crow, till you have denied me three times." (John 13:36-38)

Judas betrayed Jesus and Peter denied his Lord. What is the difference between these two men, between betrayal and denial? Jesus himself has already explained this for us in verse 10 of this chapter. Remember that he said Peter had already been bathed and needed only to wash his feet. Judas had never been bathed, had never opened up to the cleansing of love, and had never given his life to Jesus. Peter had dirty feet but a clean heart; Judas had an evil heart of unbelief, though perhaps an outward appearance of morality. That is always the sort of man who will betray Jesus.

What Peter lacked was an understanding of love. Peter thought he loved Jesus, and he did--with all the human emotion of which he was capable. But he had not yet learned to walk by the love of Christ. He had not yet learned that his strength was to be found not in his efforts to try to be something in himself, but in the love of Jesus for him. That is the secret of strength. Jesus knew that. Peter, with the utmost dedication of his flesh, with complete consecration and sincerity of heart, could say to Jesus, "Lord, I know where you're going--you're going into death. And I'll lay down my life for you." But Jesus understood. He said, "Peter, thank you. But before the cock crows (i.e. before the morning breaks) you will have denied me three times." That is how much his fleshly dedication was worth.

Remember though, the story at the close of John's Gospel, when Jesus gathered with his disciples on the shore of Galilee after the resurrection. He had built a fire for them, and laid on some fish to cook, and they had breakfast together. While they were eating, Jesus said to Peter, "Peter, do you love me?" And Peter said, "Lord, you know I love you." And twice again, "Peter, do you love me?" And Peter said, "Lord, you know everything. You know that now I love you." It was on this occasion that Jesus said, "Peter, feed my sheep" (see John 21:9-17). He commissioned him when Peter learned what true love really is. When he learned how to draw upon the available love of Jesus to strengthen him in order to reach out in love for others, then Jesus sent him out with a worldwide commission to feed the sheep of God.

In this account, John helps us to see how thoroughly Jesus knows us, understands us, and sees all that is going on in Our lives, and is ready to impart to us the great secret by which we can fulfill his impossible demand--to give up in order to gain, to lose in order to win, to go down to defeat in order to arise as a victor. When we learn to love by the love of Jesus, and to draw upon him, then: By this all men will know that you are my disciples.

Prayer: Lord, teach us to love in this way. We know that the principle of life out of death can never be fulfilled in us until we have learned the new commandment--to love one another as you have loved us. Teach us that, Lord. We stand, like Peter, uncertain, afraid, knowing that our human love can never stand the pressure and the test, but knowing, Lord, that you are able to say to us, as you said to Peter, "You cannot follow me now; but afterward you will." In Jesus' name. Amen.

3. The Cure for Troubled Hearts
John 14:1-11

As our Lord looked at his disciples he knew what Was going on in their minds and hearts, knew how disturbed and upset they were, and knew what was causing it. He knew the remedy for it, as well, and this passage opens with his Words to them:

Let not your hearts be troubled; believe in God, believe also in me. (John 14:1)

There are many among us who are suffering from the same affliction as were these disciples: troubled hearts, fearful hearts, upset, disturbed, agitated hearts. Our Lord knew that these men were afraid--afraid of what was coming. They were afraid of death, afraid that they, with him, were going to be executed by the Jews. They knew of the opposition which had developed against them in Jerusalem, the bitter hatred of the Pharisees and their determination to eliminate Jesus and all his disciples. They knew they were in danger, and so their hearts were deeply troubled as they gathered here with him. But more than physical danger to themselves, his words about leaving them had struck terror into their hearts. They were afraid that even though they might escape death, they would have to go on living without him, and that was unbearable to them. They could bear to die with him; they could not bear to live or die without him. So as he gathers with them he says these words to them: Let not your hearts be troubled.

At a time when I was experiencing a period of this kind of heart trouble myself--distress of heart--I thought of these words, and they came home to me with tremendously new significance. I saw something in that simple phrase: Let not your hearts be troubled which I had never seen before. What impressed me were the words, "Let not." They mean that these disciples could do something about their problem. They held in their own hands the key to their release from heart trouble. It was possible for them either to let it happen, or not to let it happen. Our Lord is saying this to all of us; there is a way out of heart difficulty--this distress and fear concerning both death and life.

The remedy for heart trouble is contained in the two phrases which follow: believe in God, believe also in me. Believe in God who is still in control, who knows what he is doing, who is capable of exercising infinite wisdom, infinite power, and infinite love--and believe in me, as the Guide who is made available to you. That is the secret. We will see how our Lord strove to impress anew upon the hearts of his disciples the fact that something was hidden in the remarkable relationship between him and his Father. Believe in God, believe also in me. For between the Father and the Son there is a relationship which is so important, so fundamental, that everything else will grow out of it. The rest of the chapter is built around this great secret.

Based upon this relationship our Lord promises to end their fears by coming to them again. Their basic fear was that he was going to leave them, and then they would have to face death and life without him. His reassuring word is, "I am not going to leave you, I am coming to you again."

You will understand this chapter more fully if you realize two facts. First, the Lord promises to come again in person to end their fear of death, so that death need hold no terror for them (as it need hold none for us). This assurance he gives them in the promise contained in verse 3. Second, he is going to come again by the Spirit to end their fear of life. He promises to be with them in all the difficulties and problems of their lives-in a living relationship similar to his relationship with the Father. That is stated flatly in verse 18: I will not leave you desolate [the word means orphans]; I will come to you. Both of these comings are made possible by that strange relationship which our Lord had with his Father, and which lead him to say to these disciples: Believe in God, believe also in me.

Now the answer to fear is faith. The next time you are afraid, reach out for a promise of God, and lay hold of it by the power of Jesus, and your fear wiJI vanish. There is no other answer to fear. Anything else win permit the fear to come back again and again. But the promise of God remains steady and sure, and the availability of the resources of Jesus to lay hold of it provides the way of deliverance. Jesus' promise, then, to come and put an end to the fear of death is found in these words:

In my Father's house are many rooms; if it were not so, would I have told you that I go to prepare a place for you? And when I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and will take you to myself, that where I am you may be also. (John 14:2, 3)

Our Lord is looking into the future with his disciples. Here he unveils the nature of the future beyond death, beyond this life. I don't think there is anyone who hasn't at one time or another sensed the fear of what lies in the unknown, beyond death. We have an felt that strange solemnity of spirit which comes when we confront the fact of death, the fact that we are an some day going to die, and that our loved ones will die. Life here must end, and what lies beyond? This is what our Lord is facing here with his disciples.

My Father's House

He reassures them with four revelations about that I future. First, he states that what happens is going to be within the Father's house. Of course, he is talking to them as believers. They belong to him, and on that basis he assures them: In my Father's house are many rooms. What do you think he means by my Father's house? Since this is the only time that phrase is employed in the New Testament, it is very difficult to say I exactly what it means by trying to compare it with other passages-until you go to the Old Testament.

There you see that some of the prophets clearly indicate that God dwells in the universe. The whole universe is the Father's house. God, speaking through the Prophet Isaiah, says:

Heaven is my throne and the earth is my footstool; what is the house which you would build for me, and what is the place of my rest? All these things my hand has made, and so all these things are mine (Isaiah 66:1,2)

On many occasions our Lord has been out with his disciples under the brilliant sky at night. And as they looked up into the heavens and saw the stars and galaxies whirling in space, he must have reminded them many times that this was the Father's house.

I am often asked, "Does the Bible say anything about whether there is life on other planets?" The answer is that it doesn't, specifically. But hidden in this reference there is a suggestion, I believe, that this is the case. What Jesus says here is, "In my Father's house are many abiding places." It should not be translated "mansions," as it is inaccurately interpreted in the King James Version. It is not even "rooms," as used in the Revised Standard Version. It is, literally, "places to live"; it should read: in my Father's house are many places to live. Earth is one place to live; this is our address. But God has other addresses elsewhere. What is happening in these other places out in the vast universe around us is hard to say. But Jesus assures us that there is an abundance of places to live, plenty of them. Therefore, there is room in the Father's house.

Second, he assures us that this is a certain revelation. I like the rendering of the King James Version here. It is more in line with what the Greek is saying: ...if it were not so, I would have told you. That verse has been a comfort to me many times. People often say to me, "You know, Jesus said many things which were simply an accommodation to the way people thought in his day. He didn't try to correct everything, but instead he reflected their errors." I think this verse stands as a clear refutation of that argument. Jesus said: If it were not so, I would have told you. That is, "I have come to correct the thinking of men, to set right their delusions, to reveal the ways in which they have been wrong, to straighten out their twisted, distorted ideas."

A Place for Us

Third, he says: I go to prepare a place for you. Now I don't fully know what that means. I don't think anyone does. But it indicates that there is a need for preparation of some sort. I am impressed with what the Apostle Paul tells us--that the Creation, including not only this planet and this solar system but the entire universe in all its vast complexity, is in the grip of a remorseless law which science calls "the second law of thermodynamics," the law of entropy, the law of decay, or as Paul calls it in Romans 8:20, the law of futility.

Creation is in the grip of futility--it is running down, its energy is being transposed into a form in which it is no longer available. It is like a great clock, once wound up, which is gradually running down, but which will become a new heaven and a new earth, built on entirely different principles. Perhaps that is what Jesus has in mind when he says to his disciples: I go to prepare a place for you. He left to reverse the law of entropy somewhere. At any rate, it was necessary for him to do this. He came to prepare them for heaven; he left to prepare heaven for them.

He Won't Send an Angel

This takes us into the specific promise of his coming again: I will come again and will take you to myself, that where I am you may be also. Notice the elements of that promise. First of all, it is a certain coming. "If I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again." Did he go? Yes, history is unanimous. The record shows that he went away. The tomb is empty. There is no grave of Jesus Christ anywhere on earth. He has gone away. And if he goes away, he says, just as certainly he will come again.

Do you remember how the angels underscored that fact in the account of the Ascension in the opening chapter of Acts? The disciples were gazing up into heaven as Jesus was ascending and when he disappeared from sight, hidden by a cloud, suddenly two men in white robes were standing there. They said to the disciples: Why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesuswill come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven (Acts 1:11) This is an amplification of Jesus' promise here: If I go away, I will come again. Everywhere in Scripture this coming again of Jesus Christ is referred to as the hope of the world.

And our Lord further reveals that it will be a personal return. He himself will come again. He isn't going to send an angel nor anyone else; he personally will return. And it will involve a departure of the saints, of his own, to be with him. I will take you to myself, that where I am you may be also. In the coming of the Spirit, which Jesus mentions later, Jesus comes to the believer, and the believer receives him to himself. But in this verse it is the other way around. He comes to the believers and takes them to be with him. Here, then, is a clear distinction between the two comings of Christ. This is the coming which Paul must have been thinking of when he wrote to the Christians at Thessalonica:

For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a cry of command, with the archangel's call, and with the sound of the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first; then we who are alive, who are left, shall be caught up together with them in the cloud to meet the Lord in the air; and so we shall always be with the Lord. (1 Thessalonians 4:16,17)

Paul's words echo these words of Jesus: I will take you to myself, that where I am you may be also.

Out of Time--Into Eternity

What an answer that is, not only to the problems of history, but also to the personal fear of a believer facing death! Other passages make clear that this event, which is yet to break into history-the return of Jesus for his own--is the very event which every believer experiences when he dies. When we step out of time and into eternity we step into the coming of Jesus for his own. This, then, is the hope and the experience of everyone who dies as a member of the body of Jesus Christ. What an answer this is to the fear of death!

So many Christians seem to echo the fear and pessimism and despair of the world when they think of death as a somber, gloomy occasion. Rather, it ought to be a time of triumph and of joy, because a believer has gone home to be with the Lord.

I remember listening years ago to a radio broadcast of the "Bible Study Hour," when Dr. Donald Grey Barnhouse, pastor of a church in Philadelphia, was the speaker. I'll never forget his telling of the occasion when his first wife had died. After the funeral service, as he was driving his motherless children home, they were naturally overcome with grief at the parting. Dr. Barnhouse said that as he was trying to think of some word of comfort to give them, a huge moving van passed them and the shadow of the truck swept over the car. As the truck pulled on in front of them, an inspiration came to Dr. Barnhouse. He said, "Would you rather be run over by a truck, or by its shadow?" The children said, "Well, of course, Dad, we'd much rather be run over by the shadow! That can't hurt us at all." Dr. Barnhouse said, "Did you know that two thousand years ago the truck of death ran over the Lord Jesus in order that only its shadow might run over us?" And he went on to explain how David had said in the Twenty-Third Psalm: Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil; for thou art with me (see v. 4). This is the promise which every believer has from the lips of Jesus himself: I will come again and will take you to myself, that where I am you may be also.

If You Know Me, You Know the Way

Then he goes on in the remaining verses to show us the way--the way to the Father, the way in which all this will be accomplished. And it all related to those remarkable words with which he began: Believe in God, believe also in me. He says to them:

And you know the way where I am going (John 14:4).

Thomas said to him, "Lord, we do not know where you are going; how can we know the way?" Jesus ,aid to him, "1 am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one come, to the Father, but by me. If you had known me, you would have known my Father also; henceforth you know him and have seen him." (John 14:5-7)

Here is the way to the Father at death, or the way to the Father in the midst of life, for the secret of both is found in this passage. I believe that Jesus deliberately made this statement to these disciples in order to bring to their knowledge something which they hadn't realized. He said to them, "You know the way where I am going." And Thomas, dear old "honest Thomas" (we should never call him "doubting Thomas"; he was simply too honest to say that he knew something which he didn't realize he knew) said to him: Lord, we do not know where you are going; how can we know the way? But Jesus had said that they did know. And the truth is, they did! They knew him. But they didn't know that they knew.

Do you remember those distinctions we used to make between the four classes in school? Freshmen, we were told, are those who know not, and know not that they know not. Sophomores are those, having advanced a little, who know not, but know that they know not. Juniors, on the other hand, are those who know, and know not that they know. And seniors are supposed to be those who know, and know that they know.

On that basis, Thomas and the other disciples here are classified as juniors in the school of faith. And Jesus is making clear to them that they know the way. Thomas shook his head, "No, Lord, we don't know the way. We don't even know where you're going." And Jesus said, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life. That's what I meant, Thomas. You know me; therefore you know the way. For I am the way."

Here is this unique and most remarkable claim of Jesus. How it reveals the grandeur of his character and being! In this inclusive statement Jesus relates all things to the Father. "I am the way to the Father," he says. If you come to know Jesus, he will bring you to God. As Peter puts it: He will bring you to the knowledge of the Father.

When I began my Christian life as a boy, many years ago now, my awareness of the One with whom I was dealing was that of the Lord Jesus. He filled my horizon. I remember how I loved the hymns which sang of the cross and of the work of Christ, and I loved to think about him as the Saviour, the One who redeems. But as I have lived as, a Christian, gradually the Father has come into focus. More and more my thoughts are drawn to the Fatherhood of God, and I revel in the glory of that relationship, in the closeness of my sonship with the Father.

This is what Jesus says. He is the way to the Father. He brings you to the Father. You know the Father through him, for he is also the truth about the Father as Paul puts it, the truth as it is in Jesus. All the knowledge of God which we human beings hunger for is revealed in the words of Jesus about the Father. He unveils the Father's heart, what kind of a Father he is--his power and his wisdom and his love. He is the life of the Father. That is a most amazing claim! The Father has given all life into his hands, so that he may give it to whomever he will. This is Jesus' claim, recorded in the fifth chapter of John. Only those who come to the Father by the Son can receive life. Matthew tells us: . . . no one knows the Father except the Son and anyone to whom the Son Moses to reveal him (Matthew 11:27).

This fully meets the need of man. Jesus is the way, in order that the will of man may choose it; he is the truth, in order that the mind may comprehend it; he is the life, in order that the heart of man can experience it. Thus, to know Christ involves the whole man and leads to the full expression and experience of the fullness of God.

Truth is Narrow-minded

But note also the exclusiveness of his claim: "No one comes to the Father, but by me." Every now and then I run into somebody who says, "You Christians are so bigoted, so narrow. Why do you insist that Jesus is the only way by which you can come to God? Other religions have their ways; other religions are striving to know the same God, and other religions are more tolerant; but you Christians are so narrow!" And I have to say, "That is true, we are narrow. At that point Jesus himself was narrow, and we dare not go beyond what he said because truth itself is narrow." Have you ever thought how narrow the telephone company is? If you want to call somebody up, the phone company insists that you use a certain series of numbers in exactly the proper sequence, and it leaves absolutely no room for you to play around. It is utterly narrow-minded at that point! Truth is that way. Jesus is the fulfillment of his own word: For the gate is narrow. . . that leads to life, and those who find it are few (Matthew 7:14). Others may teach about God. They may say that they teach the truth and seek the life. But only Jesus says, "I am the way, I am the truth, I am the life." Jesus' words in verse 7: If you had known me, you would have known my Father also, do not mean that his disciples didn't know him. He is simply saying, "To know me is to know my Father; henceforth you know him and have seen him." That statement caused Philip to break out in an unpremeditated cry:

"Lord, show us the Father, and we shall be satisfied." Jesus said to him, "Have I been with you so long, and yet you do not know me, Philip? He who has been me has seen the Father; how can you say, 'Show us the Father'? Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father in me? The words that I say to you I do not speak on my own authority; but the Father who dwells in me does his works. Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father in me; or else believe me for the sake of the works themselves."(John 14:8-11)

In this paragraph our Lord is dealing with the secret of his own being. In some ways this is the most profound revelation that we have in the entire New Testament about the nature of the Lord's relationship with the Father. And it is absolutely fundamental.

What he meant when he said to his disciples at the beginning of this chapter: Believe in God, believe also in me, was this: "Understand that there is a unique relationship which is the secret of my life, and which will be the secret of your life, too. You must understand that I have not come here simply to demonstrate how God. works, how God looks, how God acts; I have come to demonstrate how G man acts who is in right relationship with God, who is filled with God. The Father dwells in me, and he does the works. I do them, but I do them by a secret relationship in which, though I perform them--my mind thinks, my hands work, and my body acts--it nevertheless is really the Father who is doing all this through me. I live in him; he lives in me."

He says to Philip, "if you want proof of this, look at two things: my words, and my works. My words prove that I am in the Father. I could never say what I say if I were not in the "Father, for what I say is truth; it is reality, it is the way things are. And my works prove that the Father is in me. A man could never do what I do, but God can. And you must understand this, Philip. Otherwise you will have no understanding of the secret of your own life." For in verse 20 he will go on to say: In that day you will know that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you.

In other words: "The relationship which I have with the Father is the pattern for the relationship I will have with you. Just as I live by means of the Father at work in me, so you will live by means of me at work in you. I will come to you, I will live in you, I will work through you. And you can face every problem of life on that basis; I will be adequate to handle anything that comes your way. Whatever life throws at you of fear, of upset, of discouragement, of disappointment--whatever its nature may be--you can handle it in the same way that I have handled life; you in me, and I in you--as the Father is in me, and I am in him." ,

Prayer: Our Father, we thank you for this tremendous reassurance as we face the unknown. As we face death, as we face life, we have these marvelous words of Jesus to rest upon. "Let not your hearts be troubled. I will come again. I will come again at death; I will come again in life." And in all ways, Lord, this presence will be with us. We thank you for that. Help us to live on this basis today, in this present twentieth-century hour, and to demonstrate the quality of life that he lived. We ask in his name. Amen.

4 The Other Comforter
John 14:12-20

Jesus' relationship with his Father would be called, in modern terms, his basic identity. I don't suppose there is any more basic problem in human life than the need to discover who you are, to discover your identity. We hear a great deal these days about an identity crisis, and the need to find oneself. This reflects a tremendously important psychological fact. It is important to know who you are.

A friend was telling me recently that as he has grown older he has come to see how important it is to him to find out more about his father, to know and to understand him. You cannot really know who you are and what causes you to act the way you do without some knowledge of your heritage and the family from which you come. Many times the solution to your problems will lie in that discovery and you will come to understand yourself.

This is because who you are determines what you do. If what you do doesn't grow out of who you are, then you are living a fraud, a false life. You are putting up a front, a facade which is not real. You may think that you are getting away with it, but you're not! Somebody sees through that front, sees that it is false. This is a problem with our world, isn't it? It is true that we pass through identity crises, that we don't know who we are. And that is why Jesus is unveiling his identity to his disciples. Jesus knows who he is, and he says it to the disciples again and again. As we have seen, everything he says and does grows out of a basic identity with his Father. He says: Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father in me? (see John 14:10). That is the key. "My Father and I are together always. He works in me, and I depend on him. That is the secret of life." Then again in verse 11 he says: Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father in me. This is the great truth which needs to be apprehended, the revelation of our Lord's own secret of identity. It will help us to pick up the train of his logic if we move on to verses 18 through 20 and then return to the intervening verses. Jesus says to his disciples.

I will not leave you desolate; I will come to you. Yet a little while, and the world will see me no more, but you will see me; because I live, you will live also. In that day you will know that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you. (John 14:18-20)

That is the secret of our identity as believers. The most fundamental fact of our life as Christians is there: you in me, and I in you. Jesus says that he is not going to leave them as orphans. These men are frightened. They know that he is going away. They remember the intimations he has given that it will be by violence, by being taken and beaten and ultimately crucified. And they are fearful not only for him but for themselves. But now he reassures them, "I'm not going to leave you orphans, I'm not going to abandon you. I will come to you."

The Day of the Spirit's Coming

Obviously he is not talking here about his Second Coming. His reference to that is in verse 3 where he has said that he will come again and take them to himself. At his Second Coming, John tells us, every eye shall see him (see Revelation 1:7). But here is a way of coming which the world will not see, but in which the disciples will not only see him but live by him: Because I live, you will live also. I take that to be more than merely a reference to his Resurrection, and the promise of our resurrection some day. It is really a reference to his coming by the Spirit, the result of which will be you in me, and I in you. And that is to be the secret of our lives, as his relationship with the Father was the secret of his life. Earlier, Jesus has told his disciples: As the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so he who eats me will live because of me (John 6:57).

Notice how he develops this idea, he uses a phrase which he will use repeatedly throughout this discourse: In that day In what day? In the day when he comes again to them in this remarkable and unique way by which they know him and live by him, but which the world cannot see. He is speaking of a new day about to begin, a fresh dawn beyond the night of Crucifixion and death, beginning at his Resurrection, but continuing on. And it will be characterized by new knowledge on their part: . . . you will know [the Greek word means "know by experience"] that I am in the Father, and you are in me, and I am in you. This day, unquestionably then, is the day of the Spirit's coming, when they will be given a new identity.

I find Christians all over this country who do not understand this truth about their new life in Christ. The truth from which they get their identity is this fact: that Jesus is in them, and lives in them. It is to this fact that they should return whenever there are pressures and problems and difficulties and heartaches and troubles and demands made upon them, because it is from this fact that the secret of life will flow to them. That is why Jesus places it so centrally in this passage.

As we now know, the Day of the Spirit began on the day of Pentecost, when suddenly the Spirit of God was poured out upon these believers, and they became changed men. And that day is still with us. It began two thousand years ago and it hasn't ended yet. In fact, on the day of Pentecost, Peter stood up and bracketed its extremes--the events which would mark the beginning and the end of the Day of the Spirit. It begins with the pouring out of the Holy Spirit, as prophesied by the Prophet Joel. Peter quotes that prophecy. He says, But this is what was spoken by the prophet Joel--this pouring out of the Spirit upon men. And it ends, he says, when: The sun shall be turned into darkness and the moon into blood, before the day of the Lord comes (see Acts 2:16-20 and Joel 2:28-32).

But in between is the age of the Spirit, the Day of the Spirit.

Profile of the Holy Spirit

As we work back through this passage, we can see that four tremendous characteristics of the Holy Spirit are outlined for us in Jesus' words:

If you love me, you will keep my commandment. And I will pray the Father, and he will give "you another Counselor, to be with you for ever, even the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither see him nor know him; you know him, for he dwell with you, and will be in you. John 14:15-17

First, the One who is coming would be another Counselor. The word translated "Counselor" is parakletos. It means "one who is called alongside of," one who will be your companion, your strengthener, your guide. In the King James Version it is translated "Comforter" --One who is with you to strengthen you, to fortify you. And this Spirit will be another Comforter. Another than whom? Who was the first Comforter? It was Jesus himself. Jesus had been their Counselor, their Comforter, their Strengthener. He was the One who had guarded them and kept them and empowered them and taught them. Now there would be another who would come, another of the same kind. Later on in this discourse, Jesus says: I did not say these things to you from the beginning, because I was with you (John 16:4). They didn't need to know these things then. But now, as he is going away, he tells them that he has provided another Counselor who will strengthen them and minister to them. So the primary mark of the ministry of the Holy Spirit is that he does with us what Jesus did with his own disciples--he strengthens us.

No More Illusions

The second characteristic is that he would be the Spirit of truth. What does that mean? Truth, of course, is reality. Truth is what exists, what really is there. The Spirit of God has come into our lives to lead us to understand what is there. There are many illusions in life, things that we think are true but which aren't true at all, principles upon which we act, expecting certain results, which don't appear. But the Spirit of truth has come to help us to understand life as it really is, to dispel these illusions and strip off all the falseness. He is the unending foe of every pretense, of every fraud, and of every bit of phoniness.

As Jesus says a little later on, he will also reveal the secrets of God, the hidden facts about life that we desperately need to know in order to live. Paul develops that idea strongly in First Corinthians, where he tells us of. the hidden wisdom, the deep things of God, which are so necessary, but which eye has not seen nor ear heard, and which God has prepared for those who love him (see 1 Corinthians 2:9). These are made known to us, he says, by the Spirit. The third characteristic, Jesus says, is that the world cannot receive him. The world means all those who are what we would call secularists or humanists, those who try to look at life without making any provision for God or for God's operation; who think of life as consisting merely of what can be observed and learned and acted on; and who think they don't really need God in order to live. Our world is being rapidly secularized. Education is losing its Christian perspective and is taking on a wholly secular point of view. Those who hold that viewpoint, Jesus says, cannot know the deep wisdom of God, cannot find the secrets of life. That is why, if we are restricted to following completely secular philosophies, we will repeat the same mistakes over and over again, generation after generation.

It is by the revelation of the truth as it is in Jesus, disseminated through the church, that the world is given light in the midst of its darkness. And if the church is not preaching the truth which is in the Scriptures but, rather, is ignoring it, then the world is in unrelieved darkness and has no way out. That is why life gets worse and worse throughout the generations; why secular ideas and philosophies govern, but cannot solve our problems. The world cannot receive the Spirit of truth because it does not believe him, Jesus says. It doesn't see him or know him. It doesn't believe that a spiritual kingdom exists, and thus cannot know the great secrets of life.

The fourth characteristic, Jesus says, is that the Spirit would operate from within the believer: "you know him, for he dwells with you, and will be in you." The primary reference here undoubtedly is to his disciples. Jesus could never say that of us, nor of anyone, after the day of Pentecost. We don't have to go through a process in which the Spirit first is with us and then is in us. But these men did. At this point in their experience Jesus had been with them, and thus the Spirit of God was with them, because Jesus was filled with the Spirit. Everything he did was by means of the Holy Spirit who was in him, but with them. But now Jesus is going away, "And when he goes he will send the Spirit. And the Spirit will come to be in them. Everything they do, then, they can do by}he power of the Spirit living in them.

It Is Still Jesus

All this is introduced to us by a very startling statement with which our Lord caught the attention of the disciples:

Truly, truly; I say to you, he who believes in me will also do the work, that I do; and greater works than these will he do, because I go to the Father. Whatever you ask in my name, I will do it, that the Father may be glorified in the Son; if you ask anything in my name, I will do it. (John 14:12-14)

That is one of the most startling promises in the Scriptures, and many have puzzled over it. There are three things we need to notice in this passage. The first is the reason he gives for these greater works. It is because I go to the Father. What does he mean? Well, when he goes to the Father, he will send the Spirit. He says later: If I do not go away, the Counselor will not come to you (John 16:7). He is referring again here to the coming of the Spirit. As the Spirit of God comes into human hearts and dwells in them, these things will happen--by means of the Spirit. The Spirit, of course, is releasing to us the life of Jesus, so that it is still Jesus who is doing these things.

We need to understand that. Some people read this passage and think that we ordinary human mortals; living here in the twentieth century, are somehow going to be so capable, so well developed, so intellectually astute, that we can actually do greater things than the Son of God himself did when he was here in the flesh. That isn't what he says. He is telling us that he will do greater things through us, as the risen Lord, dwelling in us by means of the Spirit, than he did when he was here in the days of his flesh. And, in either case, it is he who is doing it.

Some time ago I attended a public breakfast meeting designed to emphasize the spiritual values of life. It was one of those times when God seemed to come down and meet each one of us. Even though there were hundreds of non-Christians present, there was still a deep sense of God's presence. At the close of the meeting, I heard two men discussing it on their way out. One said, "Well, God must have been very pleased with this meeting." The other said, "Yes, he probably was--he did it!" That captures exactly what Jesus means here. He is going to do it because he goes to the Father and by that means sends the Spirit.

What Greater Things?

The result will be that he who believes in me will also do the works that I do. unquestionably this refers to the miracles that he performed. But what does this mean? Can Christians do miracles like Jesus did raise the dead, heal the sick, open the eyes of the blind, still the storm, multiply the loaves and fishes--all these great signs? The answer is yes. If you read the record of church history you learn that there have been occasional manifestations of miracles of this nature. These are well documented and cannot be denied. And this same kind of power, by God's hand, is still at work among us from time to time.

But the focus of this passage is not on these physical miracles. Jesus drives on immediately to say: And greater works than these will you do. Now, what are they? Obviously they can't be greater miracles, because there are no miracles greater than his. Can you think of anything greater than opening the eyes of those born blind, or speaking a word and enabling a lame man to walk, or delivering the oppressed, or raising the dead? Can there be any greater miracles than those? Of course not. Then what are these greater works? The only answer that makes any sense at all is that they are greater in their significance and importance. In other words, they are spiritual accomplishments, rather than physical. Anything done to the spirit of man is far more significant than something gone to the body. That is what Jesus is speaking of.

As you read the account of his ministry, notice that although the crowds followed him when he did those amazing wonders, and entire cities would turn out to hear his message, yet when you come to the end of his life--when he is facing the cross--where are all the crowds who heard him? Where are the hundreds whom he must have healed? They are gone. Only a handful are found at the foot of the cross. By every human reckoning the ministry of Jesus was a total failure. His miracles did not change people; they merely touched the surface of their lives.

But later on in this account Jesus says to his disciples: You did not choose me, but I chose you and appointed you that you should go and bear fruit and that. your fruit should abide. . . [your fruit will remain] (John 15:16). Isn't it interesting that the ones whom Jesus healed would not stand with him through the test of the cross, but that when these disciples went out and preached in the power of the Spirit they won converts by the thousands, all across the length and breadth of the Roman Empire. And when the testing came, these men and women--won by the preaching of these disciples--were willing to face lions, to endure torture, to be pulled apart on the rack, to be bound up in skin bags and thrown into the sea, to be burned as living torches, to be mangled and mashed and twisted and torn apart, rather than to deny Jesus? Your fruit will remain."

Those are greater miracles, aren't they? Anything done to the spirit of man is permanent; that which is done to the flesh is merely temporary. All those whom Jesus healed or raised from the dead died again. There is no record of it, but Lazarus must have died again, even though Jesus raised him from the dead. They all died. So, what is done to the spirit of man is far greater, and this is what Jesus means by greater works.

A Qualified Promise

Finally, We come to his method, which is that of prayer. How will these things happen 7 He adds immediately:

Whatever you ask in my name, I will do it, that the Father may be glorified in the Son; if you ask anything in my name, I will do it. (John 14:13,14)

That is an amazing promise! We often read that without careful thought of the context, and we are seized by the tremendous possibility of that word anything, And shallow, superficial Christians, their Passions aroused, leap up and say, "Oh boy! What a promise! I can have that new Cadillac I've always wanted." But James reminds us: You ask and do not receive, because you ask wrongly, to spend it on your passions, (James 4:8).

No, that isn't what it means. You see, there is a limitation to this promise and a very important one. It is obvious that it couldn't be taken in an unlimited sense, because it would be contradictory. What if Somebody prays for rain because his crops need it, and somebody else prays for sunshine so that he can put a new roof on his house--whose prayer is answered? I remember hearing my dear friend, Dr. Howard Hendricks, tell of the time when he was a young man, before he was married. He was aware that certain mothers had set their caps for him on behalf of their daughters. One mother even said to him one day, "Howard, I just want you to know that I'm praying that you'll be my son-in-law." Dr. Hendricks always stops at that point in the story and says very solemnly, "Have you ever thanked God for unanswered prayer?"

What does it mean, then? Surely the words of Jesus are not without meaning. What is the limitation here? If you examine it you find only one, "Ask anything whatsoever in my name and it shall be done." What does that mean--in my name? Somehow again, in a superficial approach to these ideas of Scripture, some think they have fulfilled this when they tack on at the. end of a prayer, "This we ask in Jesus' name" --as a kind of magic formula, like rubbing Aladdin's lamp so that the "genie" of God will suddenly appear and do all that we ask.

Now, I have no objection to people adding those words. I do it myself. But there are many prayers with those words tacked onto the end which are not prayed in Jesus' name at all. To add those words does not make it a prayer in Jesus' name. God is not impressed with this kind of trivia. I think of our Lord's teaching about prayer in the Sermon on the Mount where be say. "Don't pray like the hypocrites do, thinking that you impress God with your endless repetition" (see Matthew 6:5, 7). Prayer is not magic.

What, then, does "in Jesus' name" mean? I've been given some difficult and painful lessons on what this means! I think God teaches us through our experiences, as we go on through life, to give us deeper and deeper insight into what these phrases mean. I had thought that praying in Jesus' name meant praying for the things he wants accomplished, the ends he wishes to achieve, the desires which he says are his will. And it does mean that; that is not wrong. But I thought you could pray to prevent certain things, and to attain others, and that we had an ability somehow to control the process by which these things come to pass. I have learned that this is not the case. I prayed for weeks, with all my heart, that something wouldn't happen, but one day it did happen, in spite of my prayer.

Accept the Process of God

So what do you do with your prayer in a case like that? And what do you do with the promise? I learned that "in Jesus' name" means to pray in his place. That is the way we use the phrase, isn't it? If someone acts in the name of the president, it is as though he is standing in the president's place. If you give someone the power to act in your name, for that purpose it is as though you yourself were acting. When you sign your name on a check, that check is acting on your behalf, as though it were you. To pray in Jesus' name means to stand in Jesus' place. And where was Jesus standing when he said, these words?, Facing the cross. Facing the collapse of all the hope that his kingdom had raised in the hearts of his disciples. Facing the end, the apparent collapse and failure of all of his work and all of his program.

But he knew that beyond the cross lay the Resurrection, and that there could never be that new beginning if there were not first an end of all which the others saw and hoped for. I think that if these disciples were praying for anything, and, I'm sure they were, they were praying that somehow he would be spared, that somehow he would not have to go to the cross. They were praying to prevent it. But Jesus knew that it had to be. And to pray in Jesus' name means that you accept the process of God, the process by which he brings matters, often, to utter collapse, so that the very thing you don't want to ever happen, happens. But that is not the end of the story! Beyond it is a Resurrection. Beyond it is a new beginning, a beginning of such different quality that the mind moves into an ecstasy of joy in contemplating it. That is what it means to pray in Jesus' name. That is why when we pray, it often seems as though God waits until the, very last moment to answer our, prayer. That is why he doesn't stop the process long before the heartache and pain comes, but allows--it to go on into death--and out of the death comes Resurrection. And to pray in Jesus' name means that you consent to that process, and that you are aware that prayer is not merely a shield, a guard, to prevent things, from happening. Sometimes it is, but not always. Prayer is also a commitment to undergo the end and the collapse and the failure. But that is never the end of the story. It is by this means that the greater works shall be accomplished. It is only out of death that life comes.

This is what God teaches us all through the Scriptures. This is why one day he had to, say to Abraham". Take your son Isaac, your only son, your beloved son, and offer him up as a sacrifice." And Abraham had to go through with it. It was only as the knife was poised in his band, ready to plunge into the breast of his son, that God stopped him (see Genesis 22:1-12). The Book of Hebrews says that Abraham received his, son back as though it were a Resurrection--out of death comes life(see Hebrews 1l:19) That is what it means pray in Jesus' name. It may mean, therefore, the collapse of all that you hoped for. But out of that collapse, out of the tears, out of the heartbreak, God will bring new life.

Prayer: Our Father, we take some of these things of yours shallowly, at times. We pray so glibly and without understanding. But we thank you that you teach us, Lord, again and again through life, that you are never going to deviate from your process. As Jesus taught us, "If any man will come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me. For whoever would save his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life for my sake will find it." May we gladly consent to that process, Lord, in order that we may see the greater works which the world has not seen before--greater works than these--because, Lord Jesus, you have gone to the Father. We thank you in your name. Amen.

5 Love's Power John
14:21-31

We now find ourselves in a section that includes some precious and very great promises (see 2 Peter 1:4). I hope we will gain considerable insight into the problem of obedience--especially what it is that motivates Christian obedience--and learn something of the riches of peace and joy which await the obedient heart.

The Lord Jesus has already given to his disciples the radiant secret of the Christian life. He has said: In that day you will know that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you (John 14:20). The day he speaks of, remember, is the Day of the Spirit, characterized by the indwelling of the Spirit within men and women everywhere--all kinds of people--producing the work of God in the human heart. Now he goes on to speak about love and obedience:

He who has my commandments and keeps them, he it is who loves me (John 14:21)

Notice carefully the connection between verse 21 and what we have just looked at in verse 20. Here you have the proof of love: "He who has my commandments and keeps them is the one who loves me," says Jesus.

The Love of Christ Constrains Us

But notice that he does not reverse this, as many do who read this. They think he says that if you obey him you will thereby love him, that obeying his commandments is what creates love for him. I find that there are a great many Christians who are trying to live on that basis, who exhibit in their lives a very mechanical obedience which they think will create love for Christ, But instead, that is the recipe for legalism. To read this, "Obey me, and you will love me," produces a mechanical, sterile, dry, dusty Christianity with no warmth or joy or glory.

But what Jesus says is, "If you love me, you will obey me." It is easy to do, not difficult. Look at verse 15 where he says this very plainly; If you love me, you will keep my commandments. Notice, it is not, "If you love me, you must keep my commandments." No, it is cause and effect: "If you love me, the result is that you win keep my commandments." That is the secret of all proper behavior in the Christian experience, and we need very carefully to make that clear. The proof of our love is obedience. That is how we demonstrate that we already love him. Now, if it takes love to obey, what produces love? That is really the question, isn't it? That is the issue. If you see a Christian disobeying Christ or you yourself are tempted to disobey, what is it that will turn you around and make you obey? It is love. Well, how do you produce love? What will make you love him? This is what ties together these two verses. It is that basic secret of our identity which creates love. The Spirit in us, releasing to us the love of Jesus, awakens love from us in return. Remember how John puts it: We love, because he first loved us (1 John 4:19). Remembering this awakens love. Or, as Paul writes: God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit which has been given to us (Romans 5:5).

Therefore, the way to produce love is to remember who you are, to whom you belong, and who Jesus is his death, his resurrection, and his unity with you, his present indwelling life. You cannot remind yourself of that without experiencing a renewed sense of his love and of gratitude to him for who he is and what he has done in your life. And when that love begins to flow, then you are being motivated to obey.

Has it occurred to you that much of the mythology of the ancient world was based upon Christian truth, that fables and fairy tales are, in a sense, garbled and distorted versions of Christian fact? Some of our more modern fables are the Same. You remember Clark Kent, that mild-mannered newspaper reporter, of whom no one ever expected anything out of the ordinary. But whenever there was a sudden demand for action far beyond the ability of mortal men, he stepped into the nearest phone booth (fortunately one was always handy), stripped off his conservative business suit, and emerged complete with bulging muscles and spectacular costume as--SUPERMAN--able to do what otherwise he could not do.

That is exactly what the Word of God is teaching us, although perhaps you had not seen it in those terms before! We are to retire to the "phone booth" of our identity with Christ, to remind ourselves of who we are, to whom we belong, and who is within us, and immediately we find love and motivation and power available to us. We are able to do what otherwise we could not do. This is what our Lord is teaching his disciples at this moment: If you love me, you will keep my commandments. When we love him, when we retreat to that place and love is made known in our hearts by the Spirit, obedience becomes much easier.

Therefore the key to motivation is not to threaten but to appeal. This is why Paul writes to Christians: I appeal to you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies (Romans 12:1). There is a place for fear as a motive in the Christian life, usually in terms of preventing us from doing what we ought not to do. When you are tempted to do something you know is wrong, fear comes in, and properly so--fear of God's just reprisal, of the consequences of your actions; fear of hurting others and of being hurt yourself; fear of having to stand before the searching eyes of God, knowing that he sees the utmost secrets of your life. Fear, then, keeps you from doing what is wrong. But when you are asked to do something which is right, what motivates you then? Love. Love of is right, what motivates you then? Love. Love for Jesus.

Submission Is Not a Dirty Word

Have you noticed how many times in the Scriptures appeals are made to us to do what our flesh rebels at doing? To submit to authority, for instance. I come to a stop sign, and I'm in a hurry. The sign says STOP and I don't want to stop; I want to keep going. But to stop is part of my Christian life, because that is obedience to the authorities. Wives are to submit to their husbands, and they don't want to especially in these days when a twisted form of liberation is being proclaimed. Some think the word submit is a dirty word, not realizing that it is a Christian word which applies to everybody-men, women, and children alike. Husbands are asked to submit to Christ and to his Word, and they don't want to do that. Servants are asked to submit to their masters, to yield them glad obedience. When Somebody asks you to do something you know you ought to do, but you don't want to do it--your flesh wants to refuse, to say, "Hang it on your ear! Who do you think you are, telling me what to do?" What will motivate you to want to do it?

Have you ever noticed how many times in these passages you find little phrases like: for the Lord's sake or out of reverence for Christ or as unto the Lord? Why is this? Well, in such cases there is usually no fear of consequences to motivate you; it is out of love for Jesus that you are to do it. For the Lord's sake submit yourselves one to another--wives unto husbands, husbands unto wives, children unto parents. For the Lord's sake--do this because you love him.

Not by Bread Alone

I have never been able to understand how a person could claim to love Christ and yet deliberately disobey, knowing that he is being disobedient and refusing to follow the Lord. That is the name of the game--obedience--following the Lord, doing what he says. The proof of our love, therefore, is our obedience. When we obey we are demonstrating our love for the Lord. There are two elements of proof, our Lord says: He who [1] has my commandments and [2] keeps them To have his commandments means to be exposed to his Word and know what it says. His words tell us what life is like, and what we are to do. To have them means not only to own a Bible but to read it, to study it, to learn it, to teach it. There are Christians who think they can live a Christian life without ever reading their Bibles, but it is impossible. Our memories do not retain and maintain what we need to know; We are built in such a way that we need refreshment and reminder--again and again.

I once went with a team of men to a series of meetings in the northwestern states. In city after city, as we talked to pastors and laymen from scores of churches, we began, as some would say, to "do a slow burn." We become angrier and angrier because we were meeting young people from all over the region who were crying out for someone to teach them the Word of God teaching they were not finding in the churches of that area of Canada.

Toward the end of the week we had a breakfast meeting at which we set forth some of the essentials necessary to health in the church---among them the teaching of the Word of God. At the end of the meeting Our host, a Canadian businessman who had traveled with, us faithfully all week, suddenly could stand it no longer. He stood up and said to these pastors, "Look, I'm not an American; I'm a Canadian. I have two sons who have been seeking for some Bible teaching for a long time. They were spiritually hungry and went from church to church in this city, searching for a place where the Word of God is expounded from the pulpit . . . and found none. Finally they drifted into wrongful, hurtful practices because they could find no one who would expound the Scriptures to them." His voice broke, and he could hardly control himself as he poured out his heart to. these pastors. He said, "Why, why will you not teach the Word of God to people?" It was a moving plea. And that is what Jesus means. Can we not apply that to our own hearts and say, "Why will we not read his Word? Why will we not spend some time in learning what he says?"

The second element of proof is that he who has Jesus' commandments keeps them. He follows them, commits himself to obey what the Lord has said, to do what he asks. He who has my commandments and keeps them, he it is who loves me. If you want to convince Jesus Christ that you love him, just obey him, that's all. Just do what he asks. He will know that your obedience cannot come except out of a heart moved by love for him.

The Reward of Love

Three things follow for those who love him-not merely believe in him, notice, but love him and thus obey, him. Our Lord says:

He who ha& my commandments and keeps them, he it is who loves me; and he who loves me will be loved by my Father, and I will love him and manifest myself to him. (John 14:21)

First, they will be loved by the Father. Isn't it remarkable that though we begin our Christian life at the feet of Jesus--we see him who is our Redeemer, our Saviour--it isn't very long before we are conscious of belonging to a family and being loved by a Father.

One of the men who went with us on our trip gave his testimony wherever we went. I was struck by his description of how empty his life had once been. Even though he was raised in a church and had known these Bible truths all his life, nevertheless his life was empty and unsatisfying--a wreck. Then he began to understand this great, basic secret of identity--You in me, and I in you--and he began to live on that basis. His problems were being solved, he told us, because he had a loving, heavenly Father who was at work to solve them. Being loved by the Father is evidenced through our circumstances. It is the discipline of God which puts us into various circumstances in order to train us and to teach us. He gives us joyful and happy circumstances as well as difficult and demanding ones. That is the expression of the love of the Father.

The second part of the reward, Jesus says, is--I will love him--and that is something different. The Father loves us by meeting our needs. His love is that of supply and training, whereas the Lord Jesus loves us by inward release to our feelings, through our sense of his being and of his love. The love of Jesus has more to do with our feelings than does the Father's love. Paul prays for the Ephesians: that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith; that you, being rooted and grounded in love (Ephesians 3:17). That feeling of being accepted, of being important, of having worth as a human being, that sense of belonging to the Lord Jesus himself--the knowledge and understanding of that is what he is speaking of here.

The third element of this reward of love is: I will manifest myself to him. That is, occasions and circumstances will arise in which Jesus win be very near, very real, very dear to you. Increasingly you win learn to know him and to enter into the understanding of the being and character of the Son of God. This speaks to the hearts of all who are Christians. The one thing we want more than anything else is a deeper knowledge of Jesus. This he promises to those who love him and thus obey him. He will manifest himself to them. There have been times in my own experience when the Lord Jesus has been more real to me than any other person--so real, it seemed, that I could touch him! This is the manifestation of his response to love from us.

Then Judas, one of the disciples, asks a question, out of which comes a remarkable answer:

Judas (not Iscariot) said to him, "Lord, how is it that you will manifest yourself to us, and not to the world?" (John 14:22)

The Jews understood that when the Messiah came he would manifest himself to the whole world. But Jesus had said that he would manifest himself to these disciples in a way that the world could not perceive. Judas is curious about this and so he asks the question. In the answer Jesus gives, there are four elements which describe how he is going to do this, how he will manifest himself to us.

The Sweet and Tender Things

First he repeats what he said before:

Jesus answered him, "If a man loves me, he will keep my word, and my Father will love him, and we will Come to him [then he adds this] and make our home with him." (John 14:23)

That is a beautiful phrase, isn't it? "Our home will be with him--we will live together." Out of the experience of life in God's family will come the sense of the presence of Jesus. Probably all of us have had occasion to be away from home--perhaps at Christmas--when we would love to have been there. Memory then brings to mind all the sweet and tender things, the little things which make home such a wonderful place to be. I think this is what our Lord has in mind. In many little ways, in tender moments, in compassionate care, in ways of comforting us and touching us, as a family lives and shares life together, so this revelation of Jesus will come. The manifestation of him will grow out of family life together. Then he gives us the negative side:

He who does not love me does not keep my word; and the word which you hear is not mine but the Father's who sent me. (John 14:24)

There he puts his finger upon the secret of disobedience. If we are not following the Lord at some point, why is it? The answer is that at that point, in that area, we do not love him. In other ways and places we do love him, but at that point we do not; we are denying him, and do not love him. If we do not love him we will not obey him, Jesus said. And what we are disobeying is the Word of God. We are disobeying the Father as well as the Son. Then he goes on to the second element of manifestation:

These things I have spoken to you, while I am still with you. But the Counselor, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, he will teach you all thing, and bring to your remembrance all that I have said to you. (John 14:25, 26)

First of all, it is very clear that the primary reference here is to the apostles themselves. This is the explanation of how we got the Gospels and the Epistles. It is true that they had memories of their time with Jesus, but these recollections would have been a very faulty thing to rely upon--if that were all they had. It is true that there were certain written accounts which were sometimes incorporated into the New Testament record. Luke, in part